Converting solar energy into electricity
Photovoltaics is known as a method for generating electric power by using solar cells to convert energy from the sun into electricity. The photovoltaic effect refers to photons of light knocking electrons into a higher state of energy to create electricity. It was first discovered by the physicist Henri Becquerel.
Solar cells produce direct current (DC) electricity from light, which can be used to power equipment or to recharge a battery. The first practical application of photovoltaics was to power orbiting satellites and other spacecraft. But today the majority of photovoltaic modules (PV modules) are used for grid-connected power generation. In this case an inverter is required to convert the DC to alternating current (AC).
For further information concerning the different PV systems: